Storage-battery traction



2 Shoots-Shoot l Sept. 23, 1930. A. HuGuEN'lN STORAGE BATTERY TRACTION Filed arch 18 1926 .11 0,33 am. Q R QI|N N DNN .B o m Wm .nw .l .I mr Nr l em /lf gv w. m u MW@ H uw Rv/ so cob b .&m././. `O1 w H O ...uw w .NAM rn o. aan. a WM N Y o so.. s n w am .v4 s000000 NW# lo w@ .coloco N. f\ .ML .596 {SmmNwvmww M Wn i NN 5g. 59( b ,Y a M w vm a W m m ngwzws Q SPt .23 193,0# A. HUGUENIN 1,776,317'

I' STORAGE BATTERY Trueno Filed March 18. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented septzs, 1930 Y 1,775,317 ,i

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ALBERT HUGUENIN, 0F PARIS, FRANCE STORAGE-BATTERY TRACTION Application filed March 18, 1926, Serial No. 95,705, and in France May 27, 1925.

Continuous current electric traction by comprising a suitable controller and a' set overhead line or third rail, is subject to a 0f Contact devices adapted to produce the great disadvantage from the fact that it necessary changes in the connections whereby employs a source of power at a constant voltthe several sections of the battery will be g age, and this offers serious inconveniences for placed in or out of circuit, while obviat-ing all 55 the starting of the motors. Since the motors short-circuiting of the battery or other imstart from the position of rest, and hence proper operations. without counter-E. M. F. resistances must The appended drawings show by way of be employed which will take up almost the example an arrangement in accordance with vit whole of the tension of the line. the said invention. 60 p The only arrangement in practical use to Fig. 1 is a chart showing the functioning overcome this drawback consists in the use of the system. of two motors (or other even number) which Fig. 2.is` a diagram of the circuits. are first-connected in series and are then con- Fig. 3 is a table of vthe interlocking comr15 nected in parallel whenthe counter-E. M. F. binations for an arrangement of contact de- 65 becomes suficient. During the period of vices. acceleration, the motors are operated almost Fig. l shows the diagram for the functionexclusively upon resistance, so that the reing of two motors which are supplied in acsult will be a relatively great loss of energy. cordance with the invention during the start- 2@ Hitherto, only the single-phase traction ing period. The curves clearly show the ad- 70 systems could obviate this defect by the use vantages inherent in my invention. of a transformer having multiple secondary The diagram on the left shows the efforts terminals, so that the voltage on the motors of traction at the wheel rim and the speed, can be increased during ther entire starting relatively to the current in the motor. The period. y diagram on the right shows the efforts of 7 But in storage battery traction-which traction relatively to the speed of thev veobviously applies exclusively to the continuhicle. ous current system-the motor starting may During the last period of the starting, all be. much improved. the cells of the battery are in series, and the 50 The present-invention relates to a method current in the motor is comprised between 80 of storage battery traction wherein the motors the values Im and Im corresponding respecf are started by the successive use of increasing tively to the tractive efforts F1 and F2. fractions or sections of the battery, so that At the commencement of the starting, the the motors will be supplied at an increasing value of the current in the motor may rise 35 voltage. p as far as ID3 and the output for each battery 85 The battery may be subdivided to any cell will not exceed the normal value.' This desiredextent, but in practiceV I prefer-to em- Vwill afford a much greater tractive effort F3. ploy a subdivision into four sections, and the The curve which is drawn (qualitatively) voltage on the motors is thus 1A of the standto scale shows the value of this tract-ive effort 39 ard value, the voltage beingthen raised to `over what can be had without the use of the 90 1/2 and finally to the total amount. battery.

By this method, I first diminish the loss The parts in dOtted lines in the diagrams of power to an appreciable degree, and correspond to periods of operating upon resecondly I obtain considerable tractive efforts sistance. It will be noted that such periods 5 during the` starting period, but without atare very short, and the loss of energy may be 95 taining abnormal kdischarge currents for any estimated at one-eighth of the energy lost of the cells of the battery. without the use of the fractional method,

The said invention has further for its oband this figure clearly shows the great value ject the combination, with the aforesaid subof my said system. f

f3 divided battery and the motors, of an outfit The acceleration given to the motor When 1m it is brought up to speed may be pushed as high as desired, the only limit being that the acceleration shall not be inconvenient for the passengers.

Due to the fact that the battery is divided into equal parts, all of the cells are operated at the same rate of discharge, which is great advantage.

Furthermore, this division of the battery allows me to push to the extreme limits the recovery of the kinetic energy of the train during the periods of reduced speed or braking, the battery being charged by the motors acting as dynamos until their E. M. F. becomes equal to the normal E. M. F.. of the battery, in the case herein considered.

n practice, the division of the battery into four,` parts, for exam ale, will provide for the recovery of energy as far as speeds of 4L or 5 kilometers per hour.

`The two diagrams above indicated are completed by the curves corresponding to the shunting of a portion of the motor field for high speed and small tractive efforts, and this can obviously be performed moreV readily in the case' of storagebattery traction.

The arrangement may be carried out in such manner that when the battery is functioning, all danger of short-circuiting the battery will be obviated. Fig. 2 shows a disposition of circuits corresponding to such conditions; 01 c2 c3 cL indicate four sections each comprising l@ of the battery; CZ is the motor, c the reversing switch, f the starting resistance; gthe controller, l, 2 lO, ll are the contactpieces, the main contact being shown at a and the auxiliary contact at Z).

, All the functioning operations are performed with the battery cut off from themotor; the contact device lO makes or breaks the circuit; for this purpose the contacts of the vcontroller corresponding to the Contact device l have less width than the contacts corresponding to the other contact devices (Fig. ln this manner, upon changing the connections between the several parts of the battery and the motors, the circuit will be broken at the winding of the electro-magnet of the contact device l0 before it is broken at the corresponding windings of the other contact devices. The contact device will thus be released before the others. manner, when the next coupling of the circuits is effected, the current is placed upon 'As shown in Fig. 3

In like.

binations have returned to the operative position.

The interlocking is an essential feature in order to obviate the short-circuiting of a portion of the battery. For instance if the contact devices l and 5 are closed at the same time, they will short-circuit the part c1 of the battery. To avoid this accident, these two conductors are arranged on an electric interlocking system; the winding of the electro-magnet of the contact device l is connected in series with the auxiliary Contact of the contact device 5, so that the contact device l can only close when the auxiliary con tact of is itself closed, i. e. when the contact device 5 is open. Inversely, the winding ofthe contact device 5 is in series with the auxiliary contact of the contact device l, so that the contact device 5 can be closed only when the contact device l is open. In this manner, the devices Vl and 5 can not be closed at the same time.

All of the preceding considerations are applicable to the Contact devices 1 and 4 which if simultaneously closedwould shortcircuit the sections c2 ofthe battery, and for this reason these two contact devices are also interlocked.

rlhe table given below indicates the electric interlocking which is necessary between the several contact devices:

Contact devicev 1,-.-interlocked with contactV devices l and 5'.

Contact devices t and -interlocked with contact device l.

Contact device S-interlocked with contact devices 6 and 7.

Contact devices 6 and interlocked with Contact device 3. y

Contact device 2-iuterlocked with contact devices 8 and 9.

Contact devices 8 and Q-interlocked with contact device 2.

ln Fig. 2, the contact device l is vinterlocked not only with devices t and 5 but also with 6 and 7 the Contact device 3 is'interlocked with 6 and 7 and also with 4 and 5. which represents the series of combin ations for the engage-ment of the contact devices, the devices 1v and 3 are always simultaneously opened and closed, so that they may be controlled at the same time, and thus their electro-magnet are connected in series and also their interlocking contacts.

The same is true for the contact devices et, 5, 6 and whose windings are in series, and which are interlocked with l and 3.

rllhe di'erent starting operations will therefore be performed as follows:

When the controller is on the point O, it

will cut off all current from the circuits of the contact devices, and these devices' are thus inoperative.

Vffhen the controller is on the point 1, the common terminal P 'of al1 the'contaet'evices is supplied by the positive pole A. of the l/L section of the battery 01 to which are connected the control circuits, while at the same time the negative pole B supplies in the first place the contact devices 4-5--6-7 and 8-9 which Will first close and thus connect in parallel the four sections of the battery c1 e2 03 04, and it then supplies the Contact device 10 connecting this battery to the motor.

IVith the controller on the point 2, this will supply the contact device ll and will shortcircuit the starting resistance When the controller passes from point 2 to point 8, the contact device 1() is first opened, and then the devices 8 and 9 which are not to be used in the next combination, as well as the device 1l; the device 2 is then closed; the combination of the battery in two parts in parallel (ofte, and also 03+o4) is thus effected. Finally, the device 10 is closed. so that the motor is again supplied.

With the controller on the point 4, the resistance f is cut out, in the same manner as specilied for the point 2. In the transfer from point 4 to point 5, the Contact device 10 is first opened, and then the devices li-5- 6-7-11 which are not used in the next combination; the devices l and 3 are now closed, thus effecting the series` combination of all the sections of the battery; nally, the contact device l() is closed.

IVith the controller on the point 6, the rep tion, is

An arrangement for storage battery traction, comprising in combination, traction motors, a storage battery subdivided into sections, a controller, and a plurality of contact devices whereby the several sections of the battery will be pla-ced in or out of the motor circuit, the said contact devices being ae tuated by means of the said controller and being electrically interlocked in the requisite order in such manner as to obviate all shortcircuiting of the several sections of the battei-y, and a contact device interposed between the controller and the aforesaid contact devices and likewise under the control of the said controller whereby the battery will be entirely disconnected from the motors during the functioning of the aforesaid Contact devices. n

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature.

ALBERT HUGUENIN. 

